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TuringPi/nfs-server.md
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TuringPi/nfs-server.md
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# NFS Server
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### Structure
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<div class="table-wrapper" id="bkmrk-name-maj%3Amin-rm-size"><table><tbody><tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">NAME</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">MAJ:MIN</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">RM</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">SIZE</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">RO</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">TYPE</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">MOUNTPOINTS</th></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">sdb</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">8:16</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">0</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">3.6T</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">0</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">disk</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">└─ hdds-datas</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">253:0</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">0</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">7.3T</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">0</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">lvm</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">/export/media</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> </td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> </td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> </td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> </td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> </td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> </td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">/srv/dev-disk-by-uuid-a67ae390-f36c-4b7c-98a0-4a3b5601c107</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">sdc</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">8:32</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">0</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">3.6T</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">0</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">disk</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">└─ hdds-datas</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">253:0</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">0</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">7.3T</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">0</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">lvm</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">/export/media</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> </td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> </td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> </td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> </td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> </td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> </td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">/srv/dev-disk-by-uuid-a67ae390-f36c-4b7c-98a0-4a3b5601c107</td></tr></tbody></table>
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</div>```bash
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apt install -y lvm2
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```
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### Disks
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```bash
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fdisk -l
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```
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```
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Disk /dev/sdb: 3.64 TiB, 4000787030016 bytes, 7814037168 sectors
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Disk model: ST4000VN006-3CW1
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Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
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Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
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I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
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Disk /dev/sdc: 3.64 TiB, 4000787030016 bytes, 7814037168 sectors
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Disk model: ST4000VN006-3CW1
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Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
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Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
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I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
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Disk /dev/mapper/hdds-datas: 7.28 TiB, 8001566015488 bytes, 15628058624 sectors
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Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
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Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
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I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
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```
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### LVM
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#### Physical Volumes (partitions)
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```
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pvcreate /dev/sdb
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pvcreate /dev/sdc
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```
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#### Volume Group
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```
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vgcreate hdds /dev/sdb /dev/sdc
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```
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#### Logical Volume(s)
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```
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lvcreate --extents 100%FREE -n datas hdds
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```
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```
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pvdisplay
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```
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```
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--- Physical volume ---
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PV Name /dev/sdb
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VG Name hdds
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PV Size <3.64 TiB / not usable <3.84 MiB
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Allocatable yes (but full)
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PE Size 4.00 MiB
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Total PE 953861
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Free PE 0
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Allocated PE 953861
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PV UUID zHiPKx-t2BO-15r3-xPfQ-DPlB-7K40-YxIdM1
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--- Physical volume ---
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PV Name /dev/sdc
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VG Name hdds
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PV Size <3.64 TiB / not usable <3.84 MiB
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Allocatable yes (but full)
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PE Size 4.00 MiB
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Total PE 953861
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Free PE 0
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Allocated PE 953861
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PV UUID bGAdMs-JsRy-6r3M-0zWt-CYQJ-GPsB-KCnCo6
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```
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```bash
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vgdisplay
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```
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```
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--- Volume group ---
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VG Name hdds
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System ID
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Format lvm2
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Metadata Areas 2
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Metadata Sequence No 6
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VG Access read/write
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VG Status resizable
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MAX LV 0
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Cur LV 1
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Open LV 1
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Max PV 0
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Cur PV 2
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Act PV 2
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VG Size <7.28 TiB
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PE Size 4.00 MiB
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Total PE 1907722
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Alloc PE / Size 1907722 / <7.28 TiB
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Free PE / Size 0 / 0
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VG UUID DPZPo2-OwJt-R1wG-wJRB-HD38-JeVl-5ZFfnI
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```
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```
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lvdisplay
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```
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```
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--- Logical volume ---
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LV Path /dev/hdds/datas
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LV Name data
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VG Name hdds
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LV UUID qgdjwr-9Aau-p4mj-rksl-IeBB-SjD1-z6hede
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LV Write Access read/write
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LV Creation host, time polito, 2023-08-01 10:10:14 +0200
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LV Status available
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# open 0
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LV Size <7.28 TiB
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Current LE 1907722
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Segments 2
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Allocation inherit
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Read ahead sectors auto
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- currently set to 256
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Block device 254:0
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```
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#### Format LV
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```bash
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sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/hdds/datas
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```
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### NFS
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```
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# mkdir -p /mnt/data/cloud
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# mkdir -p /mnt/data/gitea
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# mkdir -p /mnt/data/media
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# mkdir -p /mnt/data/media/downloads
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sudo vim /etc/exports
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```
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```
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# /etc/exports: the access control list for filesystems which may be exported to NFS clients. See exports(5).
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#
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# Example for NFSv2 and NFSv3:
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# /srv/homes hostname1(rw,sync,no_subtree_check) hostname2(ro,sync,no_subtree_check)
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#
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# Example for NFSv4:
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# /srv/nfs4 gss/krb5i(rw,sync,fsid=0,crossmnt,no_subtree_check)
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# /srv/nfs4/homes gss/krb5i(rw,sync,no_subtree_check)
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#
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# /export 192.168.1.0/24(rw,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
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/srv/nfs4 192.168.1.0/24(rw,sync,no_subtree_check,crossmnt,fsid=0)
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/srv/nfs4/media 192.168.1.0/24(rw,sync,wdelay,hide,nocrossmnt,insecure,no_root_squash,no_all_squash,subtree_check,secure_locks,acl,no_pnfs,anonuid=65534,anongid=65534,sec=sys,rw,insecure,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)
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/srv/nfs4/downloads 192.168.1.0/24(rw,sync,wdelay,hide,nocrossmnt,insecure,no_root_squash,no_all_squash,subtree_check,secure_locks,acl,no_pnfs,anonuid=65534,anongid=65534,sec=sys,rw,insecure,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)
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/srv/nfs4/backups 192.168.1.0/24(ro,sync,no_subtree_check)
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```
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```bash
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sudo systemctl restart nfs-server
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```
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##### Get LVM's UUID
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```bash
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sudo blkid -s UUID -o value /dev/mapper/hdds-datas
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```
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##### Mount LVM
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```
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sudo vim /etc/fstab
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```
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```
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UUID=0c390345-ca52-45fd-9097-6e931d651a8f / ext4 defaults,x-systemd.growfs 0 1
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# LVM
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/dev/hdds/datas /mnt/data ext4 defaults,nofail,user_xattr,usrjquota=aquota.user,grpjquota=aquota.group,jqfmt=vfsv0,acl 0 2
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# NFS exports
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/mnt/data/media /srv/nfs4/media none bind,nofail 0 0
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/mnt/data/media/downloads /srv/nfs4/downloads none bind,nofail 0 0
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/opt/backups /srv/nfs4/backups none bind,nofail 0 0
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```
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**PS : Check the content of /var/lib/nfs/etab to show NFS shares list and all the applied permission details**
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```bash
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cat /var/lib/nfs/etab
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```
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```shell
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/srv/nfs4 192.168.1.0/24(rw,sync,wdelay,hide,crossmnt,secure,root_squash,no_all_squash,no_subtree_check,secure_locks,acl,no_pnfs,fsid=0,anonuid=65534,anongid=65534,sec=sys,rw,secure,root_squash,no_all_squash)
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/srv/nfs4/backups 192.168.1.0/24(ro,sync,wdelay,hide,nocrossmnt,secure,root_squash,no_all_squash,no_subtree_check,secure_locks,acl,no_pnfs,anonuid=65534,anongid=65534,sec=sys,ro,secure,root_squash,no_all_squash)
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/srv/nfs4/downloads 192.168.1.0/24(rw,sync,wdelay,hide,nocrossmnt,insecure,no_root_squash,no_all_squash,subtree_check,secure_locks,acl,no_pnfs,anonuid=65534,anongid=65534,sec=sys,rw,insecure,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)
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/srv/nfs4/media 192.168.1.0/24(rw,sync,wdelay,hide,nocrossmnt,insecure,no_root_squash,no_all_squash,subtree_check,secure_locks,acl,no_pnfs,anonuid=65534,anongid=65534,sec=sys,rw,insecure,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)
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```
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#### Mount needed <folder> on client(s)
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```bash
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sudo apt install nfs-common -y
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sudo mkdir -p /nfs/<folder>
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sudo vim /etc/fstab
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```
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```shell
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krabs:/srv/nfs4/<folder> /nfs/<folder> nfs _netdev,x-systemd.automount,noauto,nofail,noatime,nolock,tcp,bg,actimeo=1800 0 0
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```
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```bash
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sudo mount /nfs/<folder>
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sudo systemctl daemon-reload
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```
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### Monitoring NFS Server
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#### Netstat
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```bash
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watch -n 5 "netstat -plaute | grep nfs | sort -r -n -k 3,2"
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```
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#### NFSWatch
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```bash
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sudo apt install -y nfswatch
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```
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Add these aliases to your .bashrc file:
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```bash
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# NFS watch clients
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alias nfsw='nfswatch -allif -clients -usage 2>/dev/null'
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# NFS watch users
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alias nfsu='nfswatch -allif -auth -usage 2>/dev/null'
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```
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```bash
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source ~/.bashrc
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```
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