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bikinibottom/TuringPi/kubernetes.md
julien 8451c3dd47 "Updates"
2026-02-18 17:47:37 +01:00

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# Kubernetes
## 1. Compute Modules
### Install OS / headless installation
1. Flash the Plebian image to a SD card/ EMMC.
2. Boot.
3. ssh as "pleb/pleb" and complete setup
```bash
sudo useradd pleb
sudo groupadd sudo
sudo usermod -aG sudo pleb
echo "pleb ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL" | sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/pleb
```
```bash
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y curl
# curl -O https://overviewer.org/~pillow/up/75bea78e59/devicetrees-plebian-quartz64-20230601130309-arm64.deb
# sudo dpkg -i devicetrees-plebian-quartz64-20230601130309-arm64.deb
# sudo sysctl -w net.core.rmem_max=2500000
sudo apt update && sudo apt -y upgrade
sudo hostnamectl set-hostname < hostname >
sudo apt install -y git wget screenfetch net-tools open-iscsi python3 python3-pip build-essential libssl-dev libffi-dev python3-dev
sudo apt install -y docker docker-compose
```
#### Reboot
```bash
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme0n1
sudo mkdir -p /mnt/ssd
sudo blkid -s UUID -o value /dev/nvme0n1
> sandy UUID=e2e3a295-9731-4aa2-996f-c72c2b81f40f
> gary UUID=124046b7-f656-4691-933b-4673e5abbb17
> sheldon UUID=fd0d6603-c6f1-43fe-a993-39f79b4e3eb8
> pearl UUID=
echo "UUID=... /mnt/ssd ext4 defaults 0 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
cat /etc/fstab
sudo mount -a
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
df -h /mnt/ssd
```
`sudo vim /etc/hosts`
```
# ----------------------------------------
# Host addresses
127.0.0.1 localhost
# Nodes
192.168.1.13 gary gary.local
192.168.1.14 sandy sandy.local
192.168.1.16 sheldon sheldon.local
192.168.1.19 pearl pearl.local
# ----------------------------------------
```
#### On remote (PC) :
```bash
ssh-keygen -t ed25519
ssh-copy-id -f -i ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub pleb@gary
ssh pleb@gary
vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
```
```
# ----------------------------------------
PasswordAuthentication no
# ----------------------------------------
```
#### Restart service
```bash
sudo systemctl restart sshd`
```
#### On shell1 :
```bash
ssh-keygen -t ed25519
ssh-copy-id -f -i ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub pleb@sandy
ssh-copy-id -f -i ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub plebsheldon
ssh-copy-id -f -i ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub pleb@pearl
ssh pleb@sandy
ssh pleb@sheldon
ssh pleb@pearl
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
python3 get-pip.py --user
python3 -m pip install --user ansible
```
`vim hosts.ini`
```ini
[master]
sandy ansible_connection=local
[node]
gary ansible_connection=ssh
sheldon ansible_connection=ssh
pearl ansible_connection=ssh
[k3s_cluster:children]
master
node
```
## UFW
```bash
sudo apt install -y ufw
sudo ufw allow "OpenSSH"
sudo ufw enable
sudo ufw allow 6443/tcp
sudo ufw allow 2379:2380/tcp
sudo ufw allow 10250/tcp
sudo ufw allow 10259/tcp
sudo ufw allow 10257/tcp
sudo ufw allow 179/tcp
sudo ufw allow 4789/udp
sudo ufw allow 4789/tcp
sudo ufw allow 2379/tcp
sudo ufw allow 30000:32767/tcp
sudo ufw status
```
```bash
for pkg in docker.io docker-doc docker-compose podman-docker containerd runc; do sudo apt-get remove $pkg; done
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
echo \
"deb [arch="$(dpkg --print-architecture)" signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian \
"$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME")" stable" | \
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
sudo service docker start
sudo docker run hello-world
sudo chmod 666 /var/run/docker.sock
sudo groupadd docker
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
sudo systemctl enable docker.service
sudo systemctl enable containerd.service
```
```bash
docker run -d -p 8000:8000 -p 9443:9443 --name portainer --restart=always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v portainer_data:/data portainer/portainer-ee:latest
```
## 2. Install Kubernetes (via Ansible)
### k3s-ansible
#### Install Ansible
- [https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Ansible#Installation](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Ansible#Installation "https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Ansible#Installation")
- [https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/installation\_guide/index.html](https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/installation_guide/index.html "https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/installation_guide/index.html")
#### On remote (PC):
`apt install -y ansible`
#### Clone Git repo : [https://github.com/k3s-io/k3s-ansible](https://github.com/k3s-io/k3s-ansible "https://github.com/k3s-io/k3s-ansible")
```bash
cd www
git clone https://github.com/k3s-io/k3s-ansible.git
cp -R k3s-ansible/inventory/sample k3s-ansible/inventory/sandy
```
`vim www/k3s-ansible/inventory/sandy/hosts.ini`
```ini
[master]
192.168.1.14 ansible_connection=ssh var_hostname=sandy var_disk=sda1 var_uuid=6fab06af-f38f-493a-87ab-512f52a6616c
[node]
192.168.1.13 ansible_connection=ssh var_hostname=gary var_disk=sda1 var_uuid=7f348b05-b44e-4b85-8445-657dc95e72df
192.168.1.16 ansible_connection=ssh var_hostname=shedon var_disk=sda1 var_uuid=a612717e-ca95-44a3-9b10-10e6be26112f
192.168.1.19 ansible_connection=ssh var_hostname=pearl
[k3s_cluster:children]
master
node
```
`vim www/k3s-ansible/inventory/sandy/group_vars/all.yml`
> > change ansible\_user to pleb
#### Install playbook
```bash
ansible -i ~/www/k3s-ansible/inventory/sandy/hosts.ini k3s_cluster -m ping
ansible -i ~/www/k3s-ansible/inventory/sandy/hosts.ini k3s_cluster -m apt -a "name=iptables state=present" --become
ansible-playbook ~/www/k3s-ansible/site.yml -i ~/www/k3s-ansible/inventory/sandy/hosts.ini
```
#### On master:
```bash
sudo chmod 644 /etc/rancher/k3s/k3s.yaml
mkdir ~/.kube
$ sudo cp /etc/rancher/k3s/k3s.yaml ~/.kube/config
$ sudo chown $USER: ~/.kube/config
$ export KUBECONFIG=~/.kube/config
```
#### On PC :
```bash
curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl"
curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl.sha256"
echo "$(cat kubectl.sha256) kubectl" | sha256sum --check
sudo install -o root -g root -m 0755 kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl
kubectl version --client
scp pleb@shell1:~/.kube/config ~/.kube/config
export KUBECONFIG=~/.kube/config
kubectl get nodes
kubectl cluster-info
```
#### Setting labels:
```bash
# sudo k3s kubectl label nodes xxx kubernetes.io/role=worker
sudo k3s kubectl label nodes gary kubernetes.io/role=worker
sudo k3s kubectl label nodes sheldon kubernetes.io/role=worker
sudo k3s kubectl label nodes pearl kubernetes.io/role=worker
# sudo k3s kubectl label nodes shell1 node-type=worker
sudo k3s kubectl label nodes gary node-type=worker
sudo k3s kubectl label nodes sheldon node-type=worker
sudo k3s kubectl label nodes pearl node-type=worker
```
#### ! Ping !
`ansible -i ~/www/k3s-ansible/inventory/sandy/hosts.ini k3s_cluster -m ping`
#### ! Reset !
```bash
ansible-playbook ~/www/k3s-ansible/reset.yml -i ~/www/k3s-ansible/inventory/sandy/hosts.ini
```
#### ! Restart !
`ansible all -i ~/www/k3s-ansible/inventory/sandy/hosts.ini -a "shutdown -r now" -b`
## 3. Helm
#### On master
```bash
curl -fsSL -o get_helm.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/helm/helm/main/scripts/get-helm-3
chmod 700 get_helm.sh
./get_helm.sh
helm version
```
## 4. MetalLb
```bash
helm repo add metallb https://metallb.github.io/metallb
helm search repo metallb
helm upgrade --install metallb metallb/metallb --create-namespace --namespace metallb-system --wait
```
```bash
cat << 'EOF' | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: metallb.io/v1beta1
kind: IPAddressPool
metadata:
name: default-pool
namespace: metallb-system
spec:
addresses:
- 192.168.1.30-192.168.1.49
---
apiVersion: metallb.io/v1beta1
kind: L2Advertisement
metadata:
name: default
namespace: metallb-system
spec:
ipAddressPools:
- default-pool
EOF
```
## 5. Local Storage Provider (Longhorn)
```bash
sudo systemctl enable iscsid.service
sudo systemctl start iscsid.service
ansible -i ~/www/k3s-ansible/inventory/sandy/hosts.ini k3s_cluster -b -m apt -a "name=nfs-common state=present"
ansible -i ~/www/k3s-ansible/inventory/sandy/hosts.ini k3s_cluster -b -m apt -a "name=open-iscsi state=present"
ansible -i ~/www/k3s-ansible/inventory/sandy/hosts.ini k3s_cluster -b -m apt -a "name=util-linux state=present"
```
```bash
ansible -i ~/www/k3s-ansible/inventory/sandy/hosts.ini k3s_cluster -b -m shell -a "lsblk -f"
ansible -i ~/www/k3s-ansible/inventory/sandy/hosts.ini k3s_cluster -b -m shell -a "blkid -s UUID -o value /dev/..."
```
#### Ansible mount:
```bash
ansible -i ~/www/k3s-ansible/inventory/sandy/hosts.ini k3s_cluster -m ansible.posix.mount -a "path=/mnt/data src=UUID={{ var_uuid }} fstype=ext4 state=mounted" -b
```
### Longhorn
```bash
helm repo add longhorn https://charts.longhorn.io
helm repo update
helm install longhorn longhorn/longhorn --namespace longhorn-system --create-namespace --version 1.4.2 --set defaultSettings.defaultDataPath="/mnt/data" --set service.ui.loadBalancerIP="192.168.1.31" --set service.ui.type="LoadBalancer"
sudo k3s kubectl -n longhorn-system get pod
sudo k3s kubectl get storageclass
```
- local-path (default) rancher.io/local-path Delete WaitForFirstConsumer false 111m
- longhorn (default) driver.longhorn.io Delete Immediate true 65m Mark as "non-default"
```bash
sudo k3s kubectl patch storageclass local-path -p '{"metadata": {"annotations":{"storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class":"false"}}}'
```
Mark as "default"
```bash
kubectl patch storageclass longhorn -p '{"metadata": {"annotations":{"storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class":"true"}}}'
```
#### UI
```bash
USER=admin; PASSWORD=transatlantique; echo "${USER}:$(openssl passwd -stdin -apr1 <<< ${PASSWORD})" >> auth
sudo k3s kubectl -n longhorn-system create secret generic basic-auth --from-file=auth
```
`vim longhorn-ingress.yml`
```yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: longhorn-ingress
namespace: longhorn-system
annotations:
nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-type: basic
nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/ssl-redirect: 'false'
nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-secret: basic-auth
nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-realm: 'Authentication Required '
nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/proxy-body-size: 10000m
spec:
rules:
- http:
paths:
- pathType: Prefix
path: "/"
backend:
service:
name: longhorn-frontend
port:
number: 80
```
```yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: longhorn-ingress
namespace: longhorn-system
annotations:
# add an annotation indicating the issuer to use
cert-manager.io/cluster-issuer: letsencrypt-staging
spec:
rules:
- host: dashboard.delmar.bzh
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: longhorn-frontend
servicePort: 8090
tls:
- # cert-manager will store the certificate and key in this secret
secretName: dashboard-delmar-bzh-cert
hosts:
- dashboard.delmar.bzh
```
```bash
sudo k3s kubectl -n longhorn-system apply -f longhorn-ingress.yml
sudo k3s kubectl -n longhorn-system get ingress
```
## 6. HAProxy
```bash
helm repo add haproxytech https://haproxytech.github.io/helm-charts
helm install haproxy haproxytech/kubernetes-ingress -n kube-system \
--set controller.service.nodePorts.http=30000 \
--set controller.service.nodePorts.https=30001 \
--set controller.service.nodePorts.stat=30002 \
--set controller.service.type=LoadBalancer
```
## 7. Services
...
## Uninstall
> On master:
`/usr/local/bin/k3s-uninstall.sh`
> On workers:
`/usr/local/bin/k3s-agent-uninstall.sh`
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